CBSE 12th Class: The subject of Chemistry includes all relevant topics for the board exam and various competitive examinations. The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024 will acquaint students with all the essential topics covered in these various units. In two terms, questions containing a total of 70 points will be asked from these topics on the board exams; therefore, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of these topics. This post contains the CBSE class 12 Chemistry exam syllabus in its entirety. The remaining 30 marks will be allocated to the practical exam, the details of which are provided below.
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CBSE 12th Class: Chemistry Curriculum 2024-25
The class 12 CBSE Chemistry curriculum consists of 70 points. Following are the significant topics associated with the various units of the Chemistry subject area.
Unit II: 10 Periods of Solutions
Solid solutions, Raoult’s law, colligative properties– relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses utilizing colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, and the Van’t Hoff factor.
12 Periods of Electrochemistry in Unit III
Redox reactions, the electromotive force (EMF) of a cell, standard electrode potential, the Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells. Relationship between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and the law of electrolysis (basic concept), dry cell–electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.
10 Periods of Chemical Kinetics in Unit IV
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half–life (only for zero and first order reactions), idea of collision theory (elementary concept, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.
Unit VIII: Block Elements d and f 12 Periods
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, and properties of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first–row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, color, catalytic property, magnetic property, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation, and properties of K2CrO7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids – Electronic structure, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, and the effects of lanthanoid contraction.
Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and comparison with lanthanoids for actinoids.
Coordination Compounds, Unit IX, 12 Periods
Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, color, magnetic properties, and structures; IUPAC classification of mononuclear coordination compounds.
Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, and the significance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, metal extraction, and biological systems).
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes. 10 Periods
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, constitution of the C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, and optical rotation reaction mechanism.
Haloarenes: C–X bond structure and substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen only in monosubstituted compounds). Environmental effects and applications of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, and DDT.
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Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers, Unit XI, 10 Periods
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, dehydration mechanism, and applications, with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, acidity of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, and applications.
Ethers: Nomenclature, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, and applications.
Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 Periods
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, alpha hydrogen reactivity in aldehydes, and applications.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidity, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, and applications.
Unit XIII: Amines 10 Periods
Nomenclature, classification, structure, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, applications, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
Preparation, chemical reactions, and significance of diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit XIV: Biomolecules 12 Periods
Importance of carbohydrates; Carbohydrates – Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D–L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen). Proteins –Elemental concept of – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures (qualitative concept only), denaturation of proteins, and enzymes. Hormones – Simple concept, excluding structure.
Classification and functions of vitamins.
DNA and RNA are Nucleic Acids.
Practicals (3 hours/30 marks)
- Fieldwork (3 hours/30 points)
- Volumetric Evaluation: 8 points
- The Salt Analysis: 8 points
- Experiment Based on Content: 6 points
- Project Work: Four points
- Class record and oral exam: 4 points
List of Recommended Books
- NCERT’s Chemistry Part I, Class XII, is published.
- NCERT’s Chemistry, Part II, Class XII edition.
- Laboratory Manual of Chemistry for Eleventh Grade, published by the NCERT
- Additional NCERT texts and manuals, including multimedia and online resources
