Formation of Pharmaceutical Drugs: The world requires sustainable methods of chemical production. In a new study, researchers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison demonstrate one potential method for achieving this objective by adapting hydrogen fuel cell technologies. Several electric vehicles, laptops, and mobile phones are already powered by these technologies.
“The chemical industry is a massive consumer of energy, and there is a major push to decarbonize the industry,” says Shannon Stahl, a professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison who directed a significant portion of the research. Renewable electricity can be used to produce compounds with a significantly smaller carbon footprint than fossil fuels.
This investigation employs electricity to solve a complementary problem. As a source of electrons, a significant novel drug-manufacturing process calls for vast quantities of zinc metal. However, handling zinc is difficult and produces significant quantities of waste that is harmful to the environment. Chemists and engineers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison collaborated with scientists from the pharmaceutical manufacturer Merck & Co. Inc. to develop a more environmentally friendly method for producing the ingredients required to create a variety of drugs.
Advancing India’s ‘Nett Zero’ mission: Conclave explores green hydrogen production
Formation of Pharmaceutical Drugs with Hydrogen
In their search for an alternative process, the researchers drew inspiration from hydrogen fuel cells, which use hydrogen gas as an electron source to generate electricity.
Stahl states, “The process we are working with requires a green source of electrons.” “We realised that fuel cell technology could be altered to produce chemicals as opposed to electricity,”
Stahl asserts that hydrogen gas is the optimal option in numerous ways. It can be produced with renewable energy and generates minimal waste. Developing a pharmaceutical production method based on hydrogen is consistent with the revived interest in a “hydrogen economy.”
“This work is part of a larger effort to develop a hydrogen infrastructure that goes beyond fuel cells and energy production,” says the study’s lead author, a postdoctoral researcher in the chemistry department. This study demonstrates that hydrogen and electricity can be combined to produce novel drugs.
Researchers Analysis
The researchers created a system that utilises quinones, a type of organic compound, to remove electrons from hydrogen. Important aspect of this procedure is that it functions effectively in the absence of water. Typically, fuel cells require water to operate effectively, but water can interfere with the manufacturing of drug constituents.
The system then uses electricity to supercharge the electrons, providing them with more energy than hydrogen could ordinarily supply.
The team, comprised of postdoctoral researcher Jack Twilton, chemistry professor Daniel Weix, and chemical and biological engineering professor Thatcher Root, described their new system in a paper published in Nature on August 21. They demonstrate how it can be used to produce dozens of essential organic molecules, including a substantial quantity of an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
The group is currently working to enhance the procedure so that it can be used for industrial-scale production. In addition, Stahl and his colleagues see even greater potential for this technology.
“This is a broadly applicable technology for chemical production,” Johnson explains. “Many chemical reactions require electrons. This is not restricted to the pharmaceutical industry. It must be a highly adaptable technology.”
